Kilted men's typical wearing of patterned (usually striped) neckties I suppose goes back to the old Highlander's love of pattern and colour.

Back as far as we have images of Highland Dress the costume as a whole is characterized by this: cloth has woven pattern (tartan jackets, kilts, and hose) leather is tooled, pierced, and is often given sawtooth edges (look at wingtips and ghillies) metalwork is engraved. Only the shirt and bonnet are selfcoloured/solid in old pictures.

So nowadays this old attitude often shows up with checked/Tattersall shirts and striped neckties.